Note 289 — Chapter XIII · THE AFRICAN PROVINCES.

Already in Nero’s time Calpurnius (Egl. iv. 40) terms the shore of Baetica trucibus obnoxia Mauris.—If under Pius the Moors were beaten off and driven back as far as and over the Atlas (vita Pii, 5; Pausanias viii. 43), the sending of troops at that time from Spain to the Tingitana (C. I. L. iii. 5212–5215) makes it probable that this attack of the Moors affected Baetica, and the troops of the Tarraconensis marching against these followed them over the straits. The probably contemporary activity of the Syrian legion at the Aures (p. 320) suggests moreover that this war extended also to Numidia.—The war with the Moors under Marcus (vita Marci, 21, 22; vita Severi, 2), had its scene essentially in Baetica and Lusitania.—A governor of Hither Spain under Severus had to fight with the “rebels” by water and by land (C. I. L. ii. 4114).—Under Alexander (vita, 58) there was fighting in the province of Tingi, but without mention of Spain in the case.—From the time of Aurelian (vita Saturnini, 9) there is mention of Mauro-Spanish conflicts. We cannot exactly determine the time of a sending of troops from Numidia to Spain and against the Mazices (C. I. L. viii. 2786), where presumably not the Mazices of the Caesariensis but those of the Tingitana on the Riff (Ptolem. iv. 1, 10), are meant; perhaps with this is connected the fact that Gaius Vallius Maximianus, as governor of Tingitana, achieved in the province Baetica (according to Hirschfeld, Wiener Stud. vi. 123, under Marcus and Commodus) a victory over the Moors and relieved towns besieged by them (C. I. L. ii. 1120, 2015); these events prove at least that the conflicts with the Moors on the Riff and the associates that flocked to them from the country lying behind did not cease. When the Baquates on the same coast besieged the pretty remote Cartenna (Tenes) in the Caesariensis (C. I. L. viii. 9663), they perhaps came by sea. Where the wars with the Moors under Hadrian (vita, 5, 12) and Commodus (vita, 13) took place is not known.