Note 30 — Chapter I · ON WATER AND ITS COMPOUNDS
George Kamensky translation
According to Bunsen, Winkler, Timofeeff, and others, 100 vols. of water under a pressure of one atmosphere absorb the following volumes of gas (measured at 0° and 760 mm.):—
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
0° 4·82 2·35 2·15 179·7 3·54 130·5 437·1 688·6 5·4 104960 7·38
20° 3·10 1·54 1·83 90·1 2·32 67·0 290·5 362·2 3·5 65400 4·71
1, oxygen; 2, nitrogen; 3, hydrogen; 4, carbonic anhydride; 5, carbonic oxide; 6, nitrous oxide; 7, hydrogen sulphide; 8, sulphurous anhydride; 9, marsh gas; 10, ammonia; 11, nitric oxide. The decrease of solubility with a rise of temperature varies for different gases; it is greater, the greater the molecular weight of the gas. It is shown by calculation that this decrease varies (Winkler) as the cube root of the molecular weight of the gas. This is seen from the following table:
Decrease of solubility per 20° in per cent. Cube root of molecular weight. Ratio between decrease and cube root of mol. wt.
H2 15·32 1·259 12·17
N2 34·33 3·037 11·30
CO 34·44 3·037 11·34
NO 36·24 3·107 11·66
O2 36·55 3·175 11·51
The decrease in the coefficient of absorption with the temperature must be connected with a change in the physical properties of the water. Winkler (1891) remarked a certain relation between the internal friction and the coefficient of absorption at various temperatures.