Note 111 — Chapter VI

The ethnology of the Andean region is treated by Joyce [c], Wissler, The American Indian, and Beuchat, II. iv. Bastian, Culturländer, and Payne, History, give more extended views; while tribal distribution in its cultural relations is probably best presented by Schmidt, in ZE xlv. Spinden, "The Origin and Distribution of Agriculture in America," and Means, "An Outline of the Culture-Sequence in the Andean Area," both in CA xix (Washington, 1917), are significant contributions to the problem of origins and history; with these should be placed, "Orígenes Etnográficos de Colombia," by Carlos Cuervo Márquez, in the Proceedings of the Second Pan American Scientific Congress, i (Washington, 1917). Spinden conceives an archaic American culture, probably originating in Mexico and thence spreading north and south, which was based upon agriculture and characterized by the use of pottery, textiles, etc., and which, in the course of time, made its influence felt from the mouth of the St. Lawrence to that of La Plata. This hypothesis admirably accounts for the obvious affinities of the civilizations of the two continents.