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The mainsprings of Russia

Note 2 — Chapter III · THE NOBILITY.

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Besides this hereditary nobility there was what is called personal nobility, which was not hereditary. (This fact is without any great importance; it simply means that when bureaucracy was established in Russia it was necessary to distinguish between higher and lower grades of public servants, and personal nobility simply conferred rights of independence, at a time when only nobles and public servants possessed any such recognized rights.)

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