Note 4 — Chapter I · 1822—1843

Baccalauréat (low Latin bachalariatus), first degree taken in a French Faculty; the next is licence, and the next doctorate. It is much more elementary than a bachelor’s degree in an English university. There are two baccalauréats: (1) the baccalauréat ès lettres required of candidates for the Faculties of Medicine and of Law, to the Ecole Normale Supérieure and to several public offices; (2) the baccalauréat ès sciences, required for admission to the Schools of Medicine and of Pharmacy, to the Ecole Normale Supérieure (scientific section), and the Polytechnic, Military and Foresters’ Schools. [Trans.]