Note 30 — Chapter II · MACHINATIONS OF THE ENEMIES OF JESUS; TREACHERY OF JUDAS; LAST SUPPER WITH HIS DISCIPLES.
George Eliot translation
1 Winer’s bibl. Realwörterb. ↑
2 Schneckenburger, über den Urspr., s. 9 f. Lücke, 1, s. 133, 159, 2, s. 402. ↑
3 Comp. besides the critics above cited, Hug, Enleit. in das N. T. 2, s. 215. ↑
4 For the most correct views on this point see Lücke, 2, s. 407 ff. ↑
5 As the author of the Probabilia thinks, s. 94. ↑
6 Hug, ut sup. s. 221. ↑
7 Kuinöl, in loc. ↑
8 Paulus, Comm. 4, s. 579 f. ↑
9 Lücke, in loc. ↑
10 Lightfoot, in loc. ↑
11 Probabil. ut sup. ↑
12 Vol. II. § 62. ↑
13 Olshausen gives us more precise information concerning the descent of the traitor, when he says (bibl. Comm. 2, s. 458 Anm.): “Perhaps the passage, Gen. xlix. 17, Dan shall be a serpent, an adder in the path, that biteth the horse’s heels, so that his rider shall fall backward, is a prophetic intimation of the treachery of Judas, whence we might conclude that he was of the tribe of Dan.” ↑
14 That, according to the account in John, Judas first went to the chief priests from the meal, is acknowledged by Lightfoot also (horæ, p. 465), but he on this account regards the meal described by John as earlier than the synoptical one. ↑
15 Comm. z. Joh. 2, s. 484. ↑
16 Vol. II. § 89. ↑
17 See these and the following reasons in Olshausen, 2, s. 458 ff. ↑
18 Olshausen, ut sup. ↑
19 Such an argument may be gathered from what Olshausen says, 2, s. 387, 388. ↑
20 Ueber den Lukas, s. 88. ↑
21 Orig. c. Cels., ii. 11 f. ↑
22 Comp. Probabil., p. 139. ↑
23 Still farther back we find, not the knowledge of Jesus concerning his betrayer, but an important meeting between them, in the apocryphal Evangelium infantiæ arabicum, c. xxxv. ap. Fabricius 1, p. 197 f., ap. Thilo, 1, p. 108 f. Here a demoniacal boy, who in his attacks bit violently at everything around him, is brought to the child Jesus, attempts to bite him, and because he cannot reach him with his teeth gives him a blow on the right side, whereupon the child Jesus weeps, while Satan comes out of the boy in the form of a furious dog. Hic autem puer, qui Jesum percussit et ex quo Satanas sub forma canis exivit, fuit Judas Ischariotes, qui illum Judæis prodidit. ↑
24 Iren. adv. hær. I. 35: Judam proditorem—solum præ ceteris cognoscentem veritatem perfecisse proditionis mysterium, per quem et terrena et cælestia omnia dissoluta dicunt. Epiphan. xxxviii. 3: Some Cainites say, that Judas betrayed Jesus because he regarded him as a wicked man πονηρὸν, who meant to destroy the good law: ἄλλοι δὲ τῶν αὐτῶν, οὐχι φασιν, ἀλλὰ ἀγαθὸν αὐτὸν ὤντα παρέδωκε κατὰ τὴν ἑπουράνιον γνῶσιν ἔγνωσαν γάρ, φησιν, οἱ ἄρχοντες, ὅτι, ἐὰν ὁ Χριστὸς παραδοθῇ σταυρῷ, κενοῦται αὐτῶν ἡ ἀσθενὴς δύναμις· καὶ τοῦτό, φησι γνούς ὁ Ἰούδας, ἔπευσε καὶ πάντα ἐκίνησεν ὤστε παραδοῦναι αὐτὸν, ἀγαθὸν ἔργον ποιήσας ἡμῖν εἰς σωτηρίαν. καὶ δεῖ ἡμᾶς ἐπαινεῖν καὶ ἀποδιδόναι αὐτῷ τὸν ἔπαινον, ὅτι δι’ αὐτοῦ κατεσκευάσθη ἡμῖν ἡ τοῦ σταυροῦ σωτηρία καὶ ἡ διὰ τῆς ποιαύτης ὑποθέσεως τῶν ἄνω ἀποκάλυψις. ↑
25 Theophylact, in Matth. xxvii. 4. ↑
26 Kaiser, bibl. Theol. 1, s. 249. Klopstock gives a similar representation in his Messias. ↑
27 K. Ch. L. Schmidt, exeg. Beiträge, 1, Thl. 2ter Versuch, s. 18 ff.; comp. Schmidt’s Bibliothek, 3, 1, s. 163 ff. ↑
28 Paulus, exeg. Handb. 3, b, s. 451 ff. L. J. 1, b, s. 143 ff.; Hase, L. J., § 132. Comp. Theile, zur Biographie Jesu, § 33. ↑
29 Schmidt, ut sup. ↑
30 Hase. ↑
31 Paulus. ↑
32 Neander, L. J. Chr., s. 578 f. ↑
33 Vol. II. § 88; comp. Hase, ut sup. ↑
34 [The German Thaler (Rixthaler) is equivalent to about three shillings. Tr.] ↑
35 Rosenmüller, Schol. in V. T. 7, 4, s. 318 ff. ↑
36 Even Neander thinks this a possible origin of the above statement in the first gospel, s. 574, Anm. ↑
37 L. J. Chr., s. 573. ↑
38 Comp. also Fritzsche, in Matth., p. 759 f. ↑
39 Ueber die Anordnung des letzten Paschamahls Jesu, in his neust. theol. Journal, 2, 5, s. 441 ff. ↑
40 Bell. jud. vi. ix. 3. ↑
41 Thus Gabler, ut sup.; Paulus, exeg. Handb., 3, b, s. 781; Kern, Hauptthatsachen, Tüb. Zeitschr. 1836, 3, s. 3 f.; Neander, s. 583. ↑
42 Beza, in Matth. xxvi. 18, correctly, save that he supposes too special a reference to the approaching sufferings of Jesus, thus represents the object of this prediction: ut magis ac magis intelligerent discipuli, nihil temere in urbe magistro eventurum, sed quæ ad minutissimas usque circumstantias penitus perspecta haberet. ↑
43 Bibl. Comm. 2, s. 385 f. Comp. in opposition to this De Wette, in loc. ↑
44 Schulz, über das Abendmahl, s. 321; Schleiermacher, über den Lukas, s. 280; Weisse, die evang. Gesch., s. 600 f. ↑
45 Vid. Theile, über die letzte Mahlzeit Jesu, in Winer’s and Engelhardt’s neuem krit. Journal, 2, s. 169, Anm., and zur Biographie Jesu, § 31. ↑
46 Thus Lightfoot, horæ, p. 463 ff.; Hess, Geschichte Jesu, 2, s. 273 ff.; also Venturini 3, s. 634 ff. ↑
47 An insufficient outlet from this difficulty is pointed out by Lightfoot, p. 482 f. ↑
48 Fragm. ex Claudii Apollinaris libro de Paschate, in Chron. Paschal, ed. du Fresne. Paris, 1688, p. 6 f. præf. ↑
49 See especially Tholuck and Olshausen, in loc.; Kern, Hauptthatsachen, Tüb. Zeitschr. 1836, 3, s. 5 ff. ↑
50 Diss. de verâ notione cœnæ Domini, annexed to Cudworth, syst. intell., p. 22, not. 1. ↑
51 See these counter observations particularly in Lücke and de Wette, in loc.; in Sieffert über den Ursprung, s. 127 ff., and Winer, bibl. Realwörterb. 2, s. 238 ff. ↑
52 Antiq. II. xiv. 16. ↑
53 Fritzsche, vom Osterlamm; more recently, Rauch, in the theol. Studien und Kritiken, 1832, 3, s. 537 f. ↑
54 Comp. De Wette, theol. Studien und Krit. 1834, 4, s. 939 f.; Tholuck, Comm. z. Joh. s. 245 f.; Winer, ut sup. ↑
55 Calvin, in Matth. xxvi. 17. ↑
56 Grotius, in Matth. xxvi. 18. ↑
57 Iken, Diss. philol. theol., vol. 2, p. 416 ff. ↑
58 Vid. Paulus, exeg. Handb. 3, a, s. 486 ff. ↑
59 Michaelis, Anm. zu Joh. 13. ↑
60 Sieffert, ut sup.; Hase, L. J., § 124; De Wette, exeg. Handb. 1, 3, s. 149 ff; Theile, zur Biographie Jesu, § 31. ↑
61 Theile, in Winer’s Krit. Journal, 2, s. 157 ff.; Sieffert and Lücke, ut sup. ↑
62 Pesachin f. lxv. 2, ap. Lightfoot, p. 654: Paschate primo tenetur quispiam ad pernoctationem. Gloss.: Paschatizans tenetur ad pernoctandum in Hierosolyma nocte prima. On the other hand, Tosaphoth ad tr. Pesachin 8: In Paschate Aegyptiaco dicitur: nemo exeat—usque ad mane. Sed sic non fuit in sequentibus generationibus,—quibus comedebatur id uno loco et pernoctabant in alio. Comp. Schneckenburger, Beiträge, s. 9. ↑
63 Tract. Sanhedr. f. lxxxix. 1, ap. Schöttgen, i. p. 221; comp. Paulus, ut sup. s. 492. ↑
64 Fritzsche, in Matth., p. 763 f.; comp. 755; Lücke, 2, s. 614. ↑
65 Sanhedr. f. xliii. 1, ap. Schöttgen, ii. p. 700. ↑
66 Ueber die ursprüngliche Bedeutung des Passahfestes u. s. w., Tübinger Zeitschrift f. Theol. 1832, 1, s. 90 ff. ↑
67 Ut sup. s. 167 ff. ↑
68 Sieffert, ut sup. s. 144 ff.; Lücke, s. 628 ff.; Theile, zur Biogr. Jesu, § 31; De Wette, exeg. Handb. 1, 3, s. 149 ff.; comp. Neander, L. J. Chr., s. 580 ff. Anm. ↑
69 Fritzsche, in Matth., p. 763; Kern, über den Urspr. des Ev. Matth. in der Tüb. Zeitschrift, 1834, 2, s. 98. ↑
70 Comp. Suicer, thesaur. 2, s. 613. ↑
71 Another view as to the cause of the error in the fourth gospel is given in the Probabilia, s. 100 ff.; comp. Weisse, die evang. Gesch. 1, s. 446 f. Anm. ↑
72 Paulus, 3, b, s. 499; Olshausen, 2, s. 294. ↑
73 Lücke, 2, s. 484 f.; Neander, L. J. Chr., s. 583, Anm. ↑
74 Olshausen, ut sup. ↑
75 Sieffert, über den Urspr., s. 152. ↑
76 Bibl. Comm. 2, s. 310, 381 f. ↑
77 Paulus, exeg. Handb. 3, b, s. 497. ↑
78 Meyer, Comm. über den Joh., in loc. ↑
79 L. J. Chr., s. 587, Anm. ↑
80 Sieffert, s. 152 ff. ↑
81 Comp. Lücke, s. 468. ↑
82 Die Hauptthatsachen der evang. Gesch. Tüb. Zeitschr. 1836, 3, s. 12. ↑
83 Hase, L. J., § 133; Kern, Hauptthatsachen, s. 11; Theile, zur Biographie Jesu, § 31. ↑
84 Sieffert, s. 153; Paulus and Olshausen, in loc. For the opposite opinion comp. De Wette, 1, 1, s. 222, 1, 2, s. 107. ↑
85 Vol. II. § 83. ↑
86 The conjecture as to the origin of this anecdote in the Probabilia, s. 70 f. is too far-fetched. ↑
87 Comp. De Wette, in loc. ↑
88 Ueber den Lukas, s. 275. ↑
89 Olshausen, 2, s. 380. ↑
90 Thus Lücke, Paulus, Olshausen. ↑
91 Kuinöl, in Matth., p. 707. ↑
92 This is Olshausen’s expedient, 2, s. 402. Against it see Sieffert, s. 148. f. ↑
93 Ut sup. s. 147 ff. ↑
94 Comm. über die Gesch. des Leidens und Todes Jesu, in loc. ↑
95 See De Wette, in loc. ↑
96 Vid. Lücke and Tholuck, in loc. ↑
97 P. 62: reliqui quidem narrant evangelistæ servatorem scivisse proditionis consilium, nee impedivisse; ipsum vero excitâsse Judam ad proditionem nemo eorum dicit, neque convenit hoc Jesu. ↑
98 Paulus, exeg. Handb. 3, b, s. 538. L. J. 1, b, s. 192. Hase, L. J., § 137. ↑
99 Comp. Lightfoot and Paulus, in loc. ↑
100 Comp. on this subject especially, Lightfoot, horæ, p. 474 ff., and Paulus, exeg. Handb. 3, b, s. 511 ff. ↑
101 Süskind, in the treatise: Hat Jesus das Abendmahl als einen mnemonischen Ritus angeordnet? in his Magazin 11, s. 1 ff. ↑
102 Paulus, exeg. Handb. 3, b, s. 527. ↑
103 Ueber das Abendmahl, s. 217 ff. ↑
104 Kaiser, bibl. Theol. 2, a, s. 39; Stephani, das h. Abendmahl, s. 61. ↑
105 Vol. II. § 81. ↑
106 Paulus, ut sup. s. 519 ff.; Kaiser, ut sup. s. 37 ff. ↑