Note 1 — PREFACE.

The reader will not need to be reminded of the striking summary given by Dr. Newman, in his Lectures on the Turks (pp. 131-133), of the successive measures, spiritual and otherwise, taken by the Popes, from the eleventh to the eighteenth century, to rouse Christendom to a common crusade against the Ottomans, and to mark each victory obtained over them as a fait accompli in the commemorations of the Church.