Note 4 — Chapter VI · THE SMOHALLA RELIGION OF THE COLUMBIA REGION
Reading edition
The details of the attack on the cattle guards is given by Helen Hunt Jackson (Century of Dishonor, page 131). The Indian Commissioner, in his official report, says: “Open hostilities by these Indians began by the murder of 21 white men and women on White Bird creek, near Mount Idaho, in revenge for the murder of one of their tribe.” (Comr. Rept., 1877, page 12.)