Note 455 — Chapter IV · BAYEZID THE OSMANLIS INHERIT THE BYZANTINE EMPIRE
Reading edition
‘La principauté fut pour toujours réunie à l’empire,’ Hammer, i. 308. In speaking of this second campaign, Hammer starts by saying, ‘Le prince de Karamanie avait de nouveau levé l’étendard de la révolte’. This is hardly the expression to use for the action of an independent prince. Alaeddin had never made himself the vassal of the Ottoman emirs.