Note 165 — Chapter XIII · AGRICULTURE ON A LARGE SCALE.
Reading edition
Wherever ploughs are in use, we find from two to three horses to one plough upon an average; it shows that the horses are raised with the avowed purpose of driving the plough. Such is the case with most of the horses found on large estates. Ploughs without horses are kept only in exceptional cases. Furthermore, we notice that those estates on which ploughs are used are the largest. The smaller estates are tilled with the primeval peasant sohá, ploughs being only too seldom used by the peasantry. The figures are found in the following tables:
A. Estates with large agriculture. Number. Total extent. Average (Dessiatines). Ploughs. Horses (or oxen).
Dessiatines. Per cent. Number. To 1 estate. To one plough.
I. Without ploughs
Still with working horses7033672334815447.8
II. With ploughs
a) with working horses726284063} 67873454108715.12.4
b) with oxen23966419833734170.9
Total144100478100491
B. Ploughs furnished. Average estate. (Dessiatines.) Ploughs. Ploughland tilled by the owner. (Dessiatines.)
In all. To 1 plough.
By the landlord9034914476491
By the laborer (l. c. p. 97.)36911516710145
Total57760661474101