Note 18 — Chapter III · Criticism of The Accepted View
Reading edition
In B. C. 8 it was 4,233,000; in A. D. 14, 4,957,000. See the Mon. Anc., 8. Of course if we accept the view still defended by Gardthausen and Kornemann that this number represented only the male population (Augustus, II, 532; and Jahrb. für Nationalökonomie u. Statistik, III, 14 (1897), p. 291 ff.), a citizen army of more than a million men might have been raised, but the view of Beloch and Ed. Meyer that the numbers in the Mon. Anc. include women and children seems the only one possible. See Meyer’s complete refutation of Kornemann, Jahrb. für Nationalökonomie, III, 15 (1898), p. 59 ff.