Note 126 — Chapter IV
Reading edition
News and Courier, Sept. 21, 1956, p. 1-B.
[127] According to a News and Courier reporter, Eldridge Thompson, Klan membership rocketed during 1956 and 1957. In addition to Bickley’s organization the other principal Klan groups are the Association of South Carolina Klans with headquarters in West Columbia and the National Ku Klux Klan of South Carolina which operates out of Greenville. Ibid., Oct. 27, 1957, p. 12-A.
[128] Morning News, Aug. 21, 1955, p. 1
[129] Ibid., June 12, 1955, p. 1.
[130] Ibid., Mar. 25, 1956, p. 1; July 29, 1956, p. 1.
[131] News and Courier, Aug. 20, 1956, p. 2.
[132] Morning News, July 29, 1956, p. 1.
[133] State, July 26, 1957, p. 2-D; Aug. 5, 1957, p. 5-A; Aug. 10, 1957, p. 1-B; Jan. 15, 1958, p. 1-B; Jan. 21, 1958, p. 1-B; Jan. 22, 1958, p. 1; Record, Aug. 3, 1957, p. 1; Aug. 9, 1957, p. 1; Jan. 15, 1958, p. 8-A; Jan. 22, 1958, p. 1; Jan. 23, 1958, p. 1.
[134] Morning News, July 1, 1956, p. 4-A; Independent, Jan. 27, 1956, p. 4; News and Courier, June 11, 1954, p. 4-A; June 17, 1954, p. 12-A.
[135] Independent, Feb. 3, 1956, p. 4.
[136] Morning News, Aug. 23, 1955, p. 1.
[137] News and Courier, Aug. 30, 1955, p. 8-A.
[138] Ibid., Aug. 1, 1957, p. 8-A.
[139] Morning News, July 16, 1954, p. 1.
[140] Ibid., July 21, 1954, p. 1; July 17, 1954, p. 4.
[141] Ibid., Aug. 6, 1954, p. 4; News and Courier, Oct. 8, 1954, p. 4-A.
[142] Morning News, Mar. 11, 1955, p. 1.
[143] News and Courier, Feb. 4, 1955, p. 11-A.
[144] Morning News, Mar. 22, 1955, p. 4; June 11, 1955, p. 1; Aug. 19, 1955, p. 4-A.
[145] Ibid., Aug. 12, 1955, p. 9-A; June 17, 1955, p. 1.
[146] News and Courier, July 8, 1955, p. 10-A.
[147] Ibid., Aug. 13, 1955, p. 8-A.
[147] Ibid., July 1, 1955, p. 14-A; Feb. 10, 1957, p. 13-A.
[149] Ibid., Sept. 9, 1955, p. 14-A.
[150] Record, Dec. 29, 1955, p. 1; News and Courier, Dec. 31, 1955, p. 6-A.
[151] News and Courier, May 26, 1955, p. 14-A; Mar. 18, 1956, p. 2-C; Oct. 4, 1955, p. 8-A.
[152] Ibid., Sept. 15, 1955, p. 1; Sept. 16, 1955, p. 1; Sept. 17, 1955, p. 1.
[153] S. C. Senate Journal (1956), pp. 248-249.
[154] Morning News, Feb. 11, 1956, p. 7.
[155] News and Courier, Sept. 23, 1955, p. 10-A.
[156] Record, Sept. 6, 1955, p. 1.
[157] News and Courier, July 1, 1956, p. 14-C. By this date there were councils in the counties of Aiken, Allendale, Bamberg, Beaufort, Calhoun (2), Charleston (6), Clarendon (3), Darlington (4), Dorchester (2), Fairfield, Florence (7), Georgetown, Jasper, Kershaw, Lee (2), Lexington, Orangeburg (9), Richland (2), Spartanburg, Sumter and Williamsburg (7).
[158] By February 1957 there were 58 local councils in South Carolina. By this time leadership in the state organization had changed. Thomas D. Keels of Sumter was state chairman, Dr. W. M. Croswell of Timmonsville, vice-chairman and H. L. Bowling of Elloree, treasurer. News and Courier, Jan. 18, 1957, p. 1-B; Feb. 15, 1957, p. 10-A.
[159] Ibid., July 1, 1956, p. 14-C.
[160] Ibid., Feb. 24, 1957, p. 2-A.
[161] Ibid., Mar. 4, 1957, p. 12.
[162] Morning News, Aug. 30, 1955, p. 1.
[163] News and Courier, July 1, 1956, p. 14-C; Jan. 9, 1956, p. 12.
[164] Ibid., May 6, 1956, p. 1.
[165] Ibid., May 27, 1956, p. 14-A.
[166] Record, Jan. 27, 1956, p. 1. Another indication of the support given the Council was the resolution unanimously adopted by the state legislature commending the formation of the Councils and offering the legislators’ “approval and encouragement” to the movement.
[167] News and Courier, Aug. 31, 1955, p. 10-A; Oct. 6, 1955, p. 6-A.
[168] Morning News, Aug. 16, 1955, p. 12.
[169] Ibid., Aug. 28, 1955, p. 1.
[170] Record, Feb. 11, 1956, p. 1.
[171] News and Courier, Oct. 10, 1955, p. 1.
[172] Morning News, Aug. 17, 1955, p. 12; Aug. 21, 1955, p. 3-A.
[173] This summary of the Orangeburg boycott was taken largely from Edward Gamarekian, “The Ugly Battle of Orangeburg,” Reporter, XVI (Jan. 24, 1957), 32-34, and an article written by W. D. Workman, Jr., in the News and Courier, Dec. 3, 1955, p. 1-E; see also Record, Apr. 13, 1956, p. 2-A.
[174] Gamarekian, loc. cit., pp. 32-34.
[175] Morning News, Jan. 25, 1956, p. 7; S. C. House Journal (1956), p. 101.
[176] Record, Mar. 26, 1956, p. 1.
[177] Ibid., Apr. 7, 1956, p. 1.
[178] Morning News, July 18, 1956, p. 6.
[179] Gamarekian, loc. cit., pp. 32-34.
[180] Record, Aug. 25, 1955, p. 4-A.
[181] News and Courier, Aug. 31, 1955, p. 10-A.
[182] Ibid., Aug. 24, 1955, p. 10-A.