Note 242 — Chapter IX · CASTLES OF THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY: THE FORTIFICATION OF THE CURTAIN
Reading edition
The words “horn-work,” “demilune,” or “ravelin,” were applied in later fortification to flanked outworks which presented a salient angle to the field, i.e., on the side of attack. To such defences in the middle ages the general name of “barbican” seems to have been given.