Note 572 — Chapter V · PUNIC WARS AND WARS OF MACEDONIA AND ASIA. (From 488 to 621.)
Reading edition
Roman Colonies—488-608.
Æsulum (507), or Æsium, according to Mommsen, Jesi in Umbria, on the River Æsis. Alsium (507), a maritime colony, Etruria (Via Aurelia); Palo, near Porto. Fregenæ (509), a maritime colony, Etruria (Via Aurelia); Torre Maccarese. Pyrgi (before 536), maritime colony, Etruria (Via Aurelia); Santa Severa. Castrum (555), Pagus, near Sylaceum; Bruttium, near Squillace; united in 631 to the colony Minerviæ. Puteoli (560), maritime colony, Campania; Pozzuoli; Prefecture. Vulturnum (560), maritime colony, Campania; Castelamare, or Castel di Volturno; Prefecture. Liternum (560), maritime colony, Campania; Tor di Patria, near the Lago di Patria; Prefecture. Salernum (560), maritime colony, Campania; Salerno; decreed three years before. Buxentum (560), maritime colony, Lucania; Policastro. Sipontum (560), maritime colony, Apulia; Santa Maria di Siponto; recolonised. Tempsa (Temesa) (560), maritime colony, Bruttium; perhaps near to Torre del Piano del Casale. Croton (560), maritime colony, Bruttium; Cotrone. Potentia (570), maritime colony, Picenum; Porto di Potenza, or di Ricanati. Pisaurum (570), maritime colony, Gaulish Umbria (Via Flaminia); Pesaro. Parma (571), Cispadane Gaul (Via Æmilia); Parma; Prefecture. Mutina (571), Cispadane Gaul (Via Æmilia); Modena; Prefecture. Saturnia (571), Etruria (centre); Saturnia. Graviscæ (573), maritime colony, Etruria (south) (Via Aurelia); San Clementino or Le Saline (?). Luna (577), Etruria (north), (Via Aurelia); Luni, near Sarzana. Auximum (597), maritime colony, Picenum; Osimo.
Latin Colonies: 488-608.
Firmum (490), Picenum (Via Valeria); Fermo. Æsernia (491), Samnium; Isernia. Brundisium (510), Iapygian Calabria (Via Egnatia); Brindisi. Spoletum (513), Umbria (Via Flaminia); Spoleto. Cremona (536), Transpadane Gaul; Cremona; reinforced in 560. Placentia (536), Cispadane Gaul (Via Æmilia); Piacenza. Copiæ (territory of Thurium) (561), Lucania. Vibo, or Vibona Valentia, called also Hipponium, Bruttium (565, or perhaps 515); Bibona. Monte-Leone. Bononia (565), Cispadane Gaul (Via Æmilia); Bologna. Aquileia (573), Transpadane Gaul; Aquileia. Carteia (573), Spain; St. Roque, in the Bay of Gibraltar.