Note 14 — Chapter I · EARLY MUSALMÁN GOVERNORS. a.d. 1297–1403.

Zafar Khán Attacks Ídar, 1393.Zafar Khán’s first warlike expedition was against the Ráv of Ídar,14 who, in a.d. 1393, had refused to pay the customary tribute, and this chief he humbled. The contemporary histories seem to show that the previous governors had recovered tribute from all or most of the chiefs of Gujarát except from the Ráv of Junágaḍh15 and the Rája of Rájpípla,16 who had retained their independence. Zafar Khán now planned an expedition against the celebrated Hindu shrine of Somnáth, but, hearing that Ádil Khán of Ásír-Burhánpur had invaded Sultánpur and Nandurbár,17 he moved his troops in that direction, and Ádil Khán retired to Ásir.18 Chapter I. Early Musalmán Governors. Zafar Khán Governor, 1391–1403. Exacts Tribute from Junágaḍh, 1394.In a.d. 1394, he marched against the Ráv of Junágaḍh and exacted tribute. Afterwards, proceeding to Somnáth, he destroyed the temple, built an Assembly Mosque, introduced Islám, left Musalmán law officers, and established a thána or post in the city of Pátan Somnáth or Deva Pátan. He now heard that the Hindus of Mándu19 were oppressing the Muslims, and, accordingly, marching thither, he beleaguered that fortress for a year, but failing to take it contented himself with accepting the excuses of the Rája. From Mándu he performed a pilgrimage to Ajmír.20 Here he proceeded against the chiefs of Sámbhar and Dandwána, and then attacking the Rájputs of Delváḍa and Jháláváḍa,21 he defeated them, and returned to Pátan in a.d. 1396. About this time his son Tátár Khán, leaving his baggage in the fort of Pánipat,22 made an attempt on Dehli. But Ikbál Khán took the fort of Pánipat, captured Tátár Khán’s baggage, and forced him to withdraw to Gujarát. Lays Siege to Ídar Fort, 1397.In a.d. 1397, with the view of reducing Ídar, Zafar Khán besieged the fort, laying waste the neighbouring country. Before he had taken the fort Zafar Khán received news of Timúr’s conquests, and concluding a peace with the Ídar Rája, returned to Pátan.23 In a.d. 1398, hearing that the Somnáth people claimed independence, Zafar Khán led an army against them, defeated them, and Establishes Islám at Somnáth, 1398.established Islám on a firm footing.