Note 339 — Front matter (continued 7)

The chief source of our knowledge of the earlier years of Pius is the sketch of his life by Artaud de Montor. Cardinal Wiseman (another eulogist) covers the ground in the early chapters of his Recollections of the Last Four Popes (1858). Dr. E.L.T. Henke's Papst Pius VII. (1860) is an excellent impartial study, while D. Bertolotti's Vita di Papa Pio VII. (1881) is less scholarly, and Mary Allies' Pius the Seventh is rather a tract than an historical study. The Pope's relations with Napoleon (after the coronation) are minutely, though far from impartially, studied in H. Welschinger's Le Pape et l'Empereur (1905) and Father Ilario Rinieri's Napoleone e Pio VII. (2 vols., 1906): both make some use of unpublished documents. See also F. Rinieri's Il Concordato tra Pio VII. e il Primo Console (1902). The Pope's Bulls are in the Bullarii Romani Continuatio (ed. Barberi, vols. xi.-xv). Contemporary documents abound, and one need mention only the Memoirs of Consalvi, Pacca, and Talleyrand, and the Correspondance de Napoleon I. Special studies will be quoted later. Dr. F. Nielsen's History of the Papacy in the Nineteenth Century (2 vols., 1906) is the best recent study of the period of Pius VII. to Pius IX.; it is scholarly and impartial.