Note 15 — Chapter VII · CENTRAL CHILE:—STRUCTURE OF THE CORDILLERA.

At this place, there are some hot and cold springs, the warmest having a temperature, according to Lieutenant Brand (“Travels,” p. 240), of 91°; they emit much gas. According to Mr. Brande, of the Royal Institution, ten cubical inches contain forty-five grains of solid matter, consisting chiefly of salt, gypsum, carbonate of lime, and oxide of iron. The water is charged with carbonic acid and sulphuretted hydrogen. These springs deposit much tufa in the form of spherical balls. They burst forth, as do those of Cauquenes, and probably those of Villa Vicencio, on a line of elevation.