Note 72 — Chapter IX · EXAMINATION OF THE GRAVITATION THEORY OF OCEANIC CIRCULATION.—THE MECHANICS OF DR. CARPENTER’S THEORY.
Reading edition
It is a well-established fact that in polar regions the temperature of the sea decreases from the surface downwards; and the German Polar Expedition found that the water in very high latitudes is actually less dense at the surface than at considerable depths, thus proving that the surface-water could not sink in consequence of its greater density.