Note 592 — Chapter VIII · THE KINGDOM OF SCOTIA.

The Saxon Chronicle makes no mention of Malcolm in connection with this expedition; but Florence of Worcester adds to an account, apparently taken from the Saxon Chronicle, that it was made ‘jussu regis,’ that the forces on the one side were ‘Scoti et Normanni,’ on the other ‘Angli et Dani,’ and that Siward ‘Malcolmum regis Cumbrorum filium ut rex jusserat regem constituit.’ Macbeth, however, appears in the Irish Annals as Ri Alban till 1057, and Marianus states distinctly that he reigned till that year, which is conclusive as to Malcolm not having been made king of Scotland in 1054. It is remarkable, however, that in this passage he is not called ‘filius regis Scottorum’ but ‘filius regis Cumbrorum;’ and Simeon seems not to have recognised Duncan as king of the Scots, for he makes Macbeth the immediate successor of Malcolm, son of Kenneth, ‘Anno mxxxiiij Malcolm rex Scottorum obiit, cui Macbethad successit.’ The solution seems to be that he was established in 1054 as king of Cumbria, and at this time Lothian seems to have been included in the territories under the rule of the rex Cumbrorum.