Note 9 — Chapter XV · WINTERING BEES.

To secure a slight upward draught of air, to carry of the moisture arising from the bees, make a hole a half-inch in diameter in front and rear of the cap, in the center, close to the top or roof boards. (And here let me say, the roof boards, or boards covering the cap, should project about an inch, as they can be more firmly nailed, and make better joints; for driving rains must not be allowed to penetrate to the inside of the hive.) The inside of each hole should be covered with wire cloth, to keep out insects, etc.

[10] To make the ventilator, get out four pieces one inch square; nail them together making a frame large enough to cover the brood section of Hive. Cover this frame with wire screen, meshes too fine to admit the passage of the bees.