Note 1 — ASPIDIUM FILIX-MAS, Swartz. Male Fern.

Milde indicates several other unimportant variations; and Hooker & Baker have as varieties of this species the East Indian Aspidium cochleatum, and Aspidium elongatum, from Madeira and the Canary Islands. The latter they give as occurring also in the southern United States, evidently supposing it to be the long-lost A. Ludovicianum of Kunze. For abundant synonymy of Aspidium Filix-mas the student is referred especially to the works of Hooker, Milde, Mettenius and Moore, as quoted above.