Note 1 — Chapter X · Present Indicative Endings of Strong Verbs.
Reading edition
The palatal vowels and diphthongs were long or short æ, e, i, (ie), y, ea, eo; the guttural vowels were long or short a, o, u.
2. The more common form for stems with a is æ rather than ę: faran, to go, 2d and 3d singular stem fær-; sacan, to contend, stem sæc-. Indeed, a changes to ę via æ (Cosijn, Altwestsächsische Grammatik, I, § 32).
3. Umlaut is frequently called Mutation. Metaphony is still another name for the same phenomenon. The term Metaphony has the advantage of easy adjectival formation (metaphonic). It was proposed by Professor Victor Henry (Comparative Grammar of English and German, Paris, 1894), but has not been naturalized.
4. This happens also when the infinitive stem ends in st:
1. berst-e (I burst)
2. bier-st
3. bierst.
5. Brūcan, to enjoy, usually takes the genitive case, not the accusative. It means “to have joy of any thing.”