Note 1045 — Chapter VIII · RISE OF ECCLESIASTICAL MARRIAGE: THE CHURCH DEVELOPS AND ADMINISTERS MATRIMONIAL LAW

For details consult Theiner, Die Einführung der erz. Ehelosigkeit, I, 44 ff., 54-60, 167 ff., 239, 296, passim; II, 183-209; III, 96-148 (contemporary evidence for the period 1448 to the Reformation), 305 ff. (influence of the Jesuits on morals); Lea, Sacerdotal Celibacy, 78 ff., 109 ff., 115 ff., 129, 135 ff., 161-77, 330-61, 566-80 (abuse of the confessional, especially since the Council of Trent), 631 ff.; idem, Hist. of Auricular Confession, I, 378-400 (solicitations), 240 ff., 261, 272, 426 ff.; Lecky, Hist. of European Morals, II, 120 ff., 148 ff., 316-72; Huth, Marriage of Near Kin, 108 ff.; the vigorous arraignment of the church and the canon law for their alleged degrading influence on woman by Gage, Woman, Church, and State, 49 ff., 113 ff., 152 ff.; and idem, in Hist. of Woman Suffrage, I, 753-99. For the opposite view read Christian Marriage, by Rev. William Humphrey, S. J.; Zimmermann, Der Priester-Cölibat, 11 ff.; Gide, La femme, 169-82; and compare Thwing, The Family, 45 ff.; Letters on the Const. Celibacy of the Clergy, 266 ff., 294 ff.; and Bouvet, De la confession et du célibat des prêtres, 195-238, containing extracts from Burchard's Decretorum, showing the abominable questions put to women. For the literature relating to celibacy (to 1887) see especially Roskovány's Coelibatus et breviarium (13 vols., 1861-88), enumerating 6,785 books, essays, and articles on the subject, of which (according to Theiner, op. cit., III, 379) 3,285 are antagonistic.